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Anxiety is one of the most prevalent mental health issues that affects 40 million adults in the United States. It is extremely treatable, and there are various types of medication available.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. In contrast to benzodiazepines, they're addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs can also be used to treat depression and relieve symptoms of other anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder. It could take up to one month before they begin working.

They help by increasing the levels of certain chemical transmitters in the brain. This includes serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. These are typically the first choice for treating anxiety, though doctors may also prescribe other types of antidepressants and benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants, Meds That Treat Anxiety such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine, (Effexor) are also used for anxiety. They operate a bit differently from SSRIs because they reduce the reabsorption of norepinephrine and serotonin, but at lower levels than SSRIs. These medications take a lengthy time to be effective and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants, like imipramine Tofranil, can be effective for treating anxiety disorders. Their drowsiness, as well as other side effects, make them less popular. Another form of antidepressant is monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), can also be used to combat anxiety. However, their dietary restrictions and the risk of toxicity limit their usage.

Benzodiazepines can be used to combat panic attacks and anxiety in the short-term while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These drugs can lead to addiction, tolerance, and sedation and withdrawal symptoms such a rebound anxiety, depression and delirium. Common benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax), clonazepam (Klonopin) and lorazepam (Ativan).

Therapy is a crucial component of any natural treatment depression anxiety plan for anxiety. It assists you to better be aware of your symptoms and causes. Many people discover that medication and therapy help them to cope. Some studies suggest that cognitive behavioral therapy works just as well as anxiety medications. Talk to your doctor about your options and which could be the best drug to treat anxiety and depression choice for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines create a calming effect, decrease anxiety and relax muscles that are tense. They also reduce symptoms of fear-related bodily arousal (like heart racing and trembling) and help promote sleep.

They work by binding to inhibitory neurons, for example GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids and bind to receptors in the central nervous system. They increase the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effect of GABA on other neurotransmitters and reducing the number of messages that are sent to the amygdala. It is a part of the brain that is able to detect threats and produces a feeling of fear.

These drugs to treat anxiety can be used for short durations of time for instance, when a panic attack occurs or if you are experiencing severe anxiety. They may ease the symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes after taking them. Contrary to SSRIs which are a long-lasting medication, benzodiazepines do not stay in the body for a long time. They are fast acting and can work in a matter of hours. This makes them ideal for situations in which quick relief is required (such as on an airplane or before giving a presentation in public).

Since they are addictive, patients are usually only prescribed them up to four weeks at a time. After that time, they also cease to be effective.

One of the reasons why the benzodiazepines became so well-known is that they were effective and had a few adverse effects when compared to their predecessors, such as meprobamate or barbiturates. They are effective and have a rapid onset, and can be used as anxiolytics in order to reduce anxiety. They can also be used as sedatives, anticonvulsants, and muscle relaxants.

Benzos are often blamed for the negative perceptions of anxiety that developed in the 1970s and 1980s, including the trivialization of the disorder and the perception that benzodiazepine treatment leads to physical dependence. Despite this, they continue to play an important role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically when used in conjunction with psychosocial interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos can interact with other medications and cause unwanted side effects, like drowsiness or confusion. It is important to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription, or herbal medicines you currently use or plan to take. Take a look at the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to find out what medications are safe when taken with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved a variety of antidepressants for other health conditions, too, such as eating disorders, some types of pain and bipolar disorder.

SSRIs are typically prescribed as a first-line treatment for anxiety by doctors, however they may not work for all people. If these antidepressants don't work doctors may suggest an older type called a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline, clomipramine and trimipramine, dothiepin, doxepin or imipramine. These antidepressants are less common but they are still accessible. Your doctor can also prescribe the antidepressant that sedates, trazodone (Desyrel) in lower doses for anxiety chest pain treatment or sleep.

Other antidepressants that can help include Nefazodone (Ferdinand) and duloxetine (Cymbalta). They are also available in generic form. If they aren't helping, your doctor may try the antipsychotics quetiapine and Olanzapine or the sedative antidepressant Mirtazapine.

Beta blockers are used natural ways to treat anxiety treat anxiety disorders. They lower blood pressure and heart rate by blocking adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety by themselves, but they can be effective when coupled with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts and behavior patterns that cause anxiety. It can teach you to control your anxiety and learn coping skills. Depending on the severity of your problem exposure therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy might be recommended. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps you to confront fears and thoughts that are harmful, and overcome your fear of situations that cause anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the intensity of anxiety-inducing situations until you can cope with them. It can be done in a group or individually. In both cases, results can take a while to show. Some people find that a combination of medication and psychotherapy is the best option. Some people find that taking medication alone is enough to manage symptoms. It is important to inform your doctor what you're doing to control your symptoms.

Other Medications

Although benzodiazepines and antidepressants are the most commonly prescribed medications to treat anxiety, other medications can ease your symptoms too. Antihistamines and beta blockers are often prescribed to ease anxiety.

These medications correct an imbalance in your brain chemicals and can help alleviate your symptoms by reducing or blocking signals that cause you anxiety and stress. They are not a panacea. You'll still have to do other things to reduce your anxiety, like physical exercise as well as relaxation techniques and psychotherapy.

SSRIs or SNRIs are your first choice of anxiety medications that your doctor may prescribe. They are the most effective medications for treating anxiety disorders, according to research studies. SSRIs are typically found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as the fluoxetine, citalopram and escitalopram. These medications might have minor side effects, such as insomnia or nausea, however they typically subside within 4-8 weeks. They are not addictive, and they do not increase the risk of suicidal ideas.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax) and clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) offer immediate relief from panic attacks and anxiety, but they can have negative effects such as dizziness, drowsiness and coordination issues, as well as dependence. These are less popular than the older barbiturates, but they are equally effective.

Antihistamines such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) were initially created to treat allergies. However, they are also used to alleviate anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine blocks histamine receptors in the brain, and can trigger a calming effect. It's not a controlled drug and therefore doesn't carry the same dangers of addiction as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that can aid with anxiety is a group of medications called anticonvulsants. They've been shown to relieve anxiety by interfering with the production and release of dopamine and serotonin. These medications can be prescribed as part of a combination therapy or used to treat anxiety in the short-term. Your doctor will examine your health history and symptoms to determine whether these medications are suitable for you. They'll also discuss the length of time you should take them and any potential adverse effects. Anxiety medication is only available on prescription, which means you'll have to see a psychiatrist to get them.